Adolescence in dogs is a normal developmental stage, typically occurring between 6–18 months, depending on breed and size. During this period, many dogs appear to “forget” their training, become more impulsive, or show increased reactivity. This is not defiance or stubbornness, it is biology.
The Hormonal Cascade
As dogs enter adolescence, their bodies release increased levels of sex hormones (such as testosterone and oestrogen) alongside stress-related hormones like cortisol. These hormonal changes influence brain development, particularly areas involved in emotional regulation, impulse control, and decision-making.
At the same time, the adolescent brain is undergoing significant remodeling. The limbic system (responsible for emotion and reactivity) develops faster than the prefrontal cortex, which governs self-control and focus. The result is a dog that feels big emotions without yet having the neurological tools to manage them effectively.
Why training feels harder because of this imbalance
-Dogs may be more easily aroused or frustrated
-Previously reliable cues may break down
-Sensitivity to environmental triggers often increases
-Recovery from stress can take longer
Learning is still happening, but it is less linear. Adolescents are more influenced by what feels rewarding or threatening in the moment than by past reinforcement history.
Effective training during adolescence prioritises:
-Lower expectations and higher reinforcement
-Short, successful training sessions
-Management to prevent rehearsal of unwanted behaviors
-Allowing appropriate outlets for exploration and movement
-Supporting emotional regulation rather than demanding perfection
The Takeaway
Adolescent behavior challenges are temporary and developmental, not a failure of training. With patience, consistency, and age-appropriate expectations, dogs emerge from adolescence with stronger coping skills and a more resilient nervous system. Supporting them through this hormonal and neurological transition sets the foundation for stable adult behavior.
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